where \(c_{p,x}\) is heat capacity of wet wood [kJ/(kg K)],
\(c_{p0}\) is heat capacity of dry wood [kJ/(kg K)], \(c_{pw}\) is
heat capacity of water as 4.18 kJ/(kg K), \(x\) is moisture content [%],
and \(Ac\) is an adjustment factor that accounts for the additional
energy in the wood–water bond [1].
The \(c_{p0}\) term is determined from
\[c_{p0} = 0.1031 + 0.003867\,T\]
where \(T\) is temperature in Kelvin. The \(A_c\) term is calculated from
\[A_c = x (b_1 + b_2 T + b_3 x)\]
with \(b_1 = -0.06191\), \(b_2 = 2.36e\times10^{-4}\),
and \(b_3 = -1.33\times10^{-4}\).
Thermal conductivity of wood based on moisture content, volumetric
shrinkage, and basic specific gravity
\[k = G_x (B + C x) + A\]
where \(k\) is thermal conductivity [W/(mK)] of wood, \(G_x\) is
specific gravity [-] based on volume at moisture content \(x\) [%] and
\(A, B, C\) are constants.
The \(G_x\) term is determined from
\[G_x = \frac{G_b}{1 - S_x / 100}\]
where \(G_b\) is basic specific gravity [-] and \(S_x\) is
volumetric shrinkage [%] from green condition to moisture content \(x\).
The \(S_x\) term is calculated from
\[S_x = S_o \left(1 - \frac{x}{MC_{fs}} \right)\]
where \(S_o\) is volumetric shrinkage [%] from Table 4-3 [2] and \(MC_{fs}\)
is the fiber saturation point assumed to be 30% moisture content.